Author name code: mulders
ADS astronomy entries on 2022-09-14
author:"Mulders, Gerard F.W." 
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Title: X-shooter survey of disk accretion in Upper Scorpius. I. Very
    high accretion rates at age &gt; 5 Myr
Authors: Manara, C. F.; Natta, A.; Rosotti, G. P.; Alcalá, J. M.;
   Nisini, B.; Lodato, G.; Testi, L.; Pascucci, I.; Hillenbrand, L.;
   Carpenter, J.; Scholz, A.; Fedele, D.; Frasca, A.; Mulders, G.;
   Rigliaco, E.; Scardoni, C.; Zari, E.
Bibcode: 2020A&A...639A..58M
Altcode: 2020arXiv200414232M
  Determining the mechanisms that drive the evolution of protoplanetary
  disks is a necessary step toward understanding how planets form. For
  this work, we measured the mass accretion rate for young stellar objects
  with disks at age &gt; 5 Myr, a critical test for the current models of
  disk evolution. We present the analysis of the spectra of 36 targets
  in the ∼5-10 Myr old Upper Scorpius star-forming region for which
  disk masses were measured with ALMA. We find that the mass accretion
  rates in this sample of old but still surviving disks are similarly
  high as those of the younger (∼1-3 Myr old) star-forming regions
  of Lupus and Chamaeleon I, when considering the dependence on stellar
  and disk mass. In particular, several disks show high mass accretion
  rates ≳10<SUP>-9</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> while having
  low disk masses. Furthermore, the median values of the measured mass
  accretion rates in the disk mass ranges where our sample is complete
  at a level ∼60-80% are compatible in these three regions. At the
  same time, the spread of mass accretion rates at any given disk mass
  is still &gt; 0.9 dex, even at age &gt; 5 Myr. These results are in
  contrast with simple models of viscous evolution, which would predict
  that the values of the mass accretion rate diminish with time, and a
  tighter correlation with disk mass at age &gt; 5 Myr. Similarly, simple
  models of internal photoevaporation cannot reproduce the observed mass
  accretion rates, while external photoevaporation might explain the
  low disk masses and high accretion rates. A possible partial solution
  to the discrepancy with the viscous models is that the gas-to-dust
  ratio of the disks at ∼5-10 Myr is significantly different and
  higher than the canonical 100, as suggested by some dust and gas
  disk evolution models. The results shown here require the presence
  of several interplaying processes, such as detailed dust evolution,
  external photoevaporation, and possibly MHD winds, to explain the
  secular evolution of protoplanetary disks. <P />Based on observations
  collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programmes
  097.C-0378(A) and 0101.C-0866(A).

Title: Implications for how planets form and evolve
Authors: Dawson, Rebekah; Becker; Dong; Lee; Moe; Mulders; Wang
Bibcode: 2019psce.confE..35D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Absence of Temperature Difference Between the Sun's Equatorial
    and Polar Limb Near Solar Minimum
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.; Slaughter, Charles D.
Bibcode: 1965PASP...77..295M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: U.S.A. : Instruments and Projects
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1961lrt..conf...97M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Office of Naval Research program in astronomy
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1954AJ.....59..271M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Edward Hayes Morse Memorial Observatory of Occidental
    College
Authors: Mulders, Gerard F. W.
Bibcode: 1944PASP...56...97M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: On the Clustering of Nebulae. II.
Authors: Katz, L.; Mulders, Gerard F. W.
Bibcode: 1942ApJ....95..565K
Altcode:
  Counts of nebulae brighter than magnitude 12.7 (from the Shapley-Ames
  Catalogue) show the proba- bility that the observed distribution is
  a random one to be 1: 420,000,000

Title: Additional Members of the Balmer Series in the Absorption
    Spectrum of the Sun
Authors: Mulders, Gerard F. W.
Bibcode: 1941PASP...53...38M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Intricacies of the Calendar
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1941ASPL....3..380M
Altcode: 1941ASPL..149.....M
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Photometric Atlas of the solar Spectrum (Observatoire &lt;&lt;
    Sonnenborgh &gt;&gt;)
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Mulders, G. F. W.; Houtgast, J.
Bibcode: 1941AnAp....4..136M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Atlas photométrique du spectre solaire
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1941C&T....57...85M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Photometric atlas of the solar spectrum from [lambda] 3612 to
    [lambda] 8771 with an appendix from [lambda] 3332 to [lambda] 3637
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Houtgast, J.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1940pass.book.....M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Energy Distribution in the Continuous Solar Spectrum and
    the Absorption Coefficient of the Sun's Outer Layer
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1939PASP...51..220M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Meteors
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1939ASPL....3..183M
Altcode: 1939ASPL..124.....M
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Contact Times at a Partial Solar Eclipse By Chord Measurements
Authors: Mulders, G. F.
Bibcode: 1938PASP...50..267M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Energy Distribution in the Continuous Spectrum of the Corona
    (Abstract)
Authors: Mitchell, S. A.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1938PASP...50..225M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: On the energy distribution in the Continuous Spectrum of the
    Sun. (Communication from the Heliophysical Institute of the Physical
    Laboratory at Utrecht.) Mit 4 Abbildungen.
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1936ZA.....11..132M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Equivalent Breadths of Fraunhofer Lines in the Sun's
    Spectrum. Mit 1 Abbildung.
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1935ZA.....10..297M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The absorption in the Sun's reversing layer
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1934Obs....57..249M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Calibration of Rowland's scale of intensities for solar lines
    in equivalent breadth. (Communication from the Heliophysical Institute
    of the Physical Laboratory at Utrecht. ) Mit 1 Abbildung.
Authors: Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1934ZA......8...62M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Aequivalente breedten van Fraunhoferlijnen in het zonnespectrum
Title: Aequivalente breedten van Fraunhoferlijnen in het zonnespectrum
Title: Equivalent widths of the Fraunhofer lines in the solar
    spectrum;
Authors: Mulders, Gerard Francis William
Bibcode: 1934PhDT........15M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Note on the above paper
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1931MNRAS..91.1007M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Dopplereffekt und Dämpfung bei den Fraunhoferschen
    Linien. (Mitteilung aus dem Heliophysikalischen Institutdes
    Physikalischen Laboratoriums Utrecht. ) Mit 3 Abbildungen.
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1931ZA......2..165M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Intensitätsmessungen an Fraunhoferlinien im
    Wellenlängengebiet 5150 bis 5270 Å-E. (Mitteilung aus der
    Heliophysikalischen Abteilung des Physikalischen Instituts Utrecht. )
    Mit 3 Abbildungen.
Authors: Minnaert, M.; Mulders, G. F. W.
Bibcode: 1930ZA......1..192M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

