Author name code: dicke
ADS astronomy entries on 2022-09-14
author:Dicke, Robert H.
------------------------------------------------------------------------  

Title: Republication of: The theoretical significance of experimental
    relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 2019GReGr..51...57D
Altcode:
  This republication consists of the introductory section of "The
  theoretical significance of experimental relativity" (1964). The
  material itself appeared first as lectures at a Les Houches school. It
  played a seminal role in stimulating the now rich field of experimental
  gravitational physics, by surveying earlier experiments and the current
  and recent work by Dicke and his group, in particular their improved
  version of the famous Eötvös experiment, and by analysing their
  theoretical consequences in detail. Future topics for enquiry were
  pointed out. The paper has been selected by the Editors of General
  Relativity and Gravitation for re-publication in the Golden Oldies
  series of the journal. This republication is accompanied by an editorial
  note written by P. J. E. Peebles and by a brief biography written by
  M. A. H. MacCallum.

Title: Solar oblateness and general relativity (Physical Review
    Letters 1967)
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Goldenberg, H. M.
Bibcode: 1993inas.book...48D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Dirac's Cosmology and Mach's Principle
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1990pcp..book..121D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Surface Temperature of the Sun and Changes in the Solar
    Constant
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1988Sci...242..908K
Altcode:
  The solar distortion telescope has been used to measure the limb shape
  and latitude dependence of the limb brightness during the summer months
  for a 5-year period--a time base sufficient to detect solar cycle
  trends in the data. Comparison of these observations with spaceborne
  measurements of the solar constant suggests that a significant part
  of the solar cycle variation in irradiance is a result of temporal
  changes in the latitude-dependent surface temperature of the sun.

Title: The Phase Variations of the Solar Cycle
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1988SoPh..115..171D
Altcode:
  It has previously been shown that the statistics of the phase
  fluctuation of the sunspot cycle are compatible with the assumption that
  the solar magnetic field is generated deep in the Sun by a frequency
  stable oscillator and that the observed substantial phase fluctuation
  in the sunspot cycle is due to variation in the time required for the
  magnetic field to move to the solar surface (Dicke, 1978, 1979). It was
  shown that the observed phase shifts are strongly correlated with the
  amplitude of the solar cycle. It is shown here that of two empirical
  models for the transport of magnetic flux to the surface, the best
  fit to the data is obtained with a model for which the magnetic flux
  is carried to the surface by convection with the convection velocity
  proportional to a function of the solar cycle amplitude. The best fit
  of this model to the data is obtained for a 12-yr transit time. The
  period obtained for the solar cycle is T = 22.219 ± 0.032 yr. It is
  shown that the great solar anomaly of 1760-1800 is most likely real
  and not due to poor data.

Title: On Observing the Absence of an Atom
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1988bqc..book..400D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Cosmic Black-Body Radiation
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.; Roll, P. G.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1988eur..book..117D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Observations of a Solar Latitude-dependent Limb Brightness
Variation: Erratum
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1987ApJ...319.1010K
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Is the Solar Oblateness Variable? Measurements of 1985
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.
Bibcode: 1987ApJ...318..451D
Altcode:
  The solar oblateness measured in 1985 is Δr =
  r<SUB>eq</SUB>-r<SUB>p</SUB> = 14.6±2.2 arc ms, where the error is
  only a formal standard deviation assuming normally distributed and
  uncorrelated errors. The above result is significantly greater than
  the 1984 value which, in turn, is significantly less than the 1983
  and 1966 values. The differences may be physically significant and are
  consistent with the hypothesis that the oblateness oscillates with the
  11.14 yr period of the solar cycle. The data at present only weakly
  support this hypothesis.

Title: Evidence of global circulation currents from solar-limb
    temperature variations
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1987Natur.328..326K
Altcode:
  The temperature distribution in a turbulent rotating photosphere is
  non-spherical. Dimensional arguments for the Sun suggest that such a
  temperature modulation may have an amplitude ΔT~ Tv<SUP>2</SUP>/Φ~0.1
  K, where T is an average temperature (5,700 K) and v<SUP>2</SUP>/Φ
  is the ratio of the rotational kinetic and potential energy density of
  the photosphere. Detailed calculations<SUP>1-3</SUP> generally support
  this expectation. Here we report new observations that should help to
  understand the solar global dynamics problem. From about 1,400 h of
  solar-limb data obtained during the summers of 1983-85 we find that
  the solar-limb temperature variation is not spherically symmetric and
  is ~1 K. Our results also indicate that the limb temperature departs
  from its expected l = 2 spatial harmonic form and has, at most, a weak
  dependence on solar cycle.

Title: Solar distortion measurements
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Kuhn, J. R.
Bibcode: 1987prnc.rept.....D
Altcode:
  Highly accurate solar limb temperature and shape observations were
  obtained from Mt Wilson using a highly specialized telescope. The solar
  oblateness appears to fluctuate on a time scale of years. A latitude
  dependent solar limb temperature variation exists with a temperature
  amplitude of about 0.6k. This temperature variation is independent
  of the solar cycle. Oblateness of the Sun in 1983 and Relativity;
  On the Facular Contrast Near the Solar Limb; Brightness Variation;
  Another Reason to Search for Solar g-Modes and New Limits from Solar
  Ellipticity Measurements; Solar Ellipticity Fluctuations Yield No
  Evidence of g-Modes; The Variable Oblateness of the Sun: Measurements
  of 1984; Is the Solar Oblateness Variable? Measurements of 1985;
  More Evidence for a Solar Latitude Dependent Limb Temperature Variation.

Title: The Variable Oblateness of the Sun: Measurements of 1984
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.
Bibcode: 1986ApJ...311.1025D
Altcode:
  The solar oblateness measured in 1984 appears to be significantly less
  than the 1983 value. This is in turn substantially less than the 1966
  value. The observations of 1983 and 1984 were made with a modified and
  improved version of the Princeton Solar Distortion Telescope used in
  1966. Its design is discussed. The sources of error and the analysis
  technique are discussed. The observed changes in oblateness of the
  sun are believed to be real and significant.

Title: New force or thermal gradient in the Eötvös experiment\?
Authors: Chu, Shu-Yuan; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1986PhRvL..57.1823C
Altcode:
  Recently Fischbach et al. suggested that the accelerations of various
  materials to the Earth may be different depending on their compositions,
  on the basis of their reanalysis of the results of the experiment of
  Eötvös, Pekár, and Fekete. We find that systematic effects due to
  thermal gradients can account for the experimental data.

Title: Cosmic Black Body Radiation
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.; Roll, P. G.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1986coco.conf..133D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Solar ellipticity fluctuations yield no evidence of g-modes
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1986Natur.319..128K
Altcode:
  Although there have been several claims for the detection of solar
  g-modes with periods between 2 and 10 hours<SUP>1-3</SUP> and
  although the present sensitivity of the Princeton Solar Distortion
  Telescope should allow these low frequency modes to be observed, solar
  oblateness data from the summers of 1983 and 1984 show no evidence of
  such oscillations with periods between 1 and 5 hours. In about 250
  days (nearly 1,000 hours) of observations, we find no evidence for
  significant spectral power associated with g-modes. In particular,
  there is no evidence of a 160.01-min period solar oscillation.

Title: Oblateness of the Sun in 1983 and relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.
Bibcode: 1985Natur.316..687D
Altcode:
  Measurements of the solar oblateness obtained during 1983 from Mount
  Wilson, California, yield a value with an upper bound only half of
  that observed in 1966. This difference may support the conjecture
  that the solar quadrupole moment slowly oscillates. A knowledge of
  the character of such an oscillation, if it occurs, would be needed
  to test Einstein's relativity theory using Mercury's orbital motion.

Title: Observations of a Solar Latitude-dependent Limb Brightness
    Variation
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1985ApJ...290..758K
Altcode:
  A small latitude-dependent photospheric excess brightness variation has
  been observed from 131 days of data obtained with the Princeton Solar
  Distortion Telescope. Using an analytic model to separate the influence
  of faculae from the brightness signal, a temperature difference of 0.6 +
  or - 0.1 K between the poles and the regions at + or - 53 solar latitude
  was obtained for the summer of 1983, a temperature difference of 0.6 +
  or - 0.1 K between the poles and the regions at + or - 53 deg solar
  latitude was obtained for the summer of 1983, with the polar regions
  being hotter.

Title: Observations of a Solar Latitude Dependent Photospheric
    Brightness Variation
Authors: Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1984BAAS...16..451K
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Facular influences on the apparent solar shape
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Kuhn, J. R.; Libbrecht, K. G.
Bibcode: 1983Natur.304..326D
Altcode:
  Schatten and Sofia<SUP>1</SUP> have recently reconsidered the question
  of whether the 1966 solar ellipticity measurements<SUP>2</SUP> were
  seriously contaminated by excess brightness of faculae near the solar
  limb<SUP>3-7</SUP>. They considered several different functions for
  the variations of the facular contrast with position relative to the
  solar limb. With their own facular contrast function, Schatten and Sofia
  obtain only a small contribution of faculae to the 1966 apparent solar
  ellipticity, but with the Chapman function they obtain a substantial
  contribution. New observations of faculae during the summer of 1982
  and a novel analytical technique determine a facular contrast which is
  constant or decreasing towards the limb, consistent with the Schatten
  and Sophia function but inconsistent with Chapman's function. We show
  here that the statistical analysis of the 1966 data<SUP>8</SUP> supports
  this result. We disagree with the earlier conclusion<SUP>1</SUP>,
  that with an acceptable facular contrast function one can obtain ``an
  acceptable fit to the oblateness measurements'' as a purely facular
  effect. For 20-30% of the observational days in 1966 only a few small,
  weak facular patches were present at the limb, but the ellipticity
  signal was present and it was not reduced in magnitude for those days.

Title: Evidence for a distorted solar core rotating with a 12.4-day
    period
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1983Natur.303..292D
Altcode:
  The periodicity recently discovered in the solar Doppler velocity
  may be due to an Eddington-Sweet current driven in the photosphere by
  a distorted gravitational potential rotating rigidly with a synodic
  period of 12.81+/-0.10 days (12.4 days sidereal).

Title: Mercury's Perihelion, from Le Verrier to Einstein
Authors: Roseveare, N. T.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1983AmJPh..51..478R
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Binary Pulsar / PSR1913+16 / a Textbook Example
Authors: Taylor, J.; Weisberg, J.; Dicke, R.; Brans, C.
Bibcode: 1983S&T....65..325T
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The 5-min oscillations of the Sun are incompatible with a
    rapidly-rotating core
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1982Natur.300..693D
Altcode:
  Hill's suggestion that Einstein's general relativity may be invalid
  requires a rapidly spinning solar core. The triplet structure observed
  in the solar 5-minute power spectrum seems incompatible with this
  rotating core. But the triplet structure can be accounted for as the
  effect of a magnetically distorted core rotating with a ~12.5-day
  period.

Title: A Magnetic Core in the Sun - the Solar Rotator
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1982SoPh...78....3D
Altcode:
  The previously found solar distortion rotating rigidly and wave-like
  on the surface with a ∼ 12 day period is interpreted as the shape
  of the gravitational potential induced by the solar core distorted by
  an internal magnetic field and rotating rigidly with this period. The
  distortion does not have a symmetry axis and the necessary magnetic
  field is not compatible with the axial symmetry required of a
  quasi-static field locked in the rotating core. It is concluded that if
  the solar distortion is due to such a process the core is oscillating
  with a very long period, a toroidal oscillation with a period of the
  order of years.

Title: 1946, The Measurement of Thermal Radiation at Microwave
    Frequencies
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1982cra..book..106D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: 1946, Microwave Radiation from the Sun and Moon
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Beringer, R.
Bibcode: 1982cra..book..218D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Seismology and Geodesy of the Sun: Low-Frequency Oscillations
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1981PNAS...78.1989D
Altcode:
  The hourly averages of the solar ellipticity measured from June 13 to
  Sept. 17, 1966, are analyzed for indications of solar oscillations
  with periods in excess of 2 hr ν &lt; 0.5 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>. Nothing
  significant is found for frequencies ν &gt; 0.1 hr<SUP>-1</SUP>
  but for lower frequencies the power spectrum shows a very complex
  structure containing about 20 strong narrow peaks. The complexity is
  illusionary. The signal apparently consists of only two frequencies. The
  complexity is due to aliasing by the window function with its basic
  24-hr period, with many observational days missing, and with different
  numbers of hourly averages for the various observational days. Both
  signal frequencies are apparently due to odd-degree spherical harmonic
  oscillations of the sun.

Title: Seismology and Geodesy of the Sun: Solar Geodesy
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1981PNAS...78.1309D
Altcode:
  Measurements of the elliptical figure of the sun made in 1966 are
  analyzed on an hourly basis. This analysis yields an improved measure of
  the previously found solar distortion, rotating rigidly with a sidereal
  period of 12.38±0.10 days. It also yields a set of residùals used
  to search for signals due to low-frequency solar oscillations.

Title: Solar Currents and the Magnetic Cycle
Authors: Howard, R.; Labonte, B.; Dicke, R. H.; Wilcox, J.
Bibcode: 1980SciN..117..245H
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Solar luminosity and the sunspot cycle
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1979Natur.280...24D
Altcode:
  Neither sunspots, flares, other solar activity, nor the solar wind,
  are found to be responsible for the 22-yr solar cycle period found
  in the [D/H] climate indicator. This period may be due to a periodic
  variation in solar luminosity induced by a deeply buried magnetic field.

Title: The clock inside the Sun.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1979NewSc..83...12D
Altcode:
  It is suggested that the phase of the solar cycle seems to be locked
  to the phase of some precisely tuned internal oscillator and that
  there is apparently a close correlation between the phase error of
  the sunspot cycle relative to this oscillator and the peak sunspot
  number. A tentative model involving buoyant magnetic flux tubes is
  considered which gives a frequency of 0.4460 + or - 0.00007 cycles
  per year for the internal oscillator. Filtered data based on the
  Epstein-Yapp statistical indicator are shown to yield a power spectrum
  with one prominent peak having a frequency of 0.04472 + or - 0.00012
  cycles per year, which differs by only 0.27% from the frequency of
  the solar cycle. A model based on a solar core distorted by a strong
  toroidal magnetic field is tentatively proposed.

Title: Do solar-type stars have magnetic cores? A question of
    stability.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1979ApJ...228..898D
Altcode:
  The differentially rotating, stably stratified core expected in new
  solar-type stars, according to Larson and others, should generate a
  strong toroidal magnetic field by winding a weak poloidal magnetic
  field. It is shown that such a toroidal magnetic field (with a
  symmetry axis) may be dynamically stable. The mild instability due
  to the associated perturbation of the gravitational energy can be
  neutralized by the Coriolis forces induced by a slow rotation of the
  stellar core. The possible significance of magnetic cores for solar-type
  stars is discussed.

Title: The big bang cosmology - enigmas and nostrums.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.
Bibcode: 1979grec.conf..504D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Is there a chronometer hidden deep in the Sun?
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1978Natur.276..676D
Altcode:
  No support is found for the conventional view of the sunspot cycle, that
  there exists a large random walk in the phase of the cycle. Instead,
  both sunspots and the [D/H] solar/terrestrial weather indicator seem
  to be paced by an accurate clock inside the Sun.

Title: Operator Algebra and the Stationary States of Stellar Magnetic
    Fields (Paper dedicated to Professor Hannes Alfvén on the occasion
    of his 70th birthday, 30 May 1978)
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1978Ap&SS..55..275D
Altcode:
  A vector-operator algebra technique for solving magnetic field problems
  in a toroidal/poloidal representation is illustrated with physical
  examples. Among the illustrative examples are calculations of necessary
  and/or sufficient conditions for the existence of stationary magnetic
  fields in stellar interiors.

Title: Radiative equilibrium in the photosphere and global
    oscillations of the sun and an upper bound on energy transport.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1978MNRAS.182..303D
Altcode:
  Summary. The effect of non-local radiation equilibrium in the
  photosphere acting as a constraint on global oscillations (w 0.02, 1
  &lt; 3) is determined. It is shown that for a correctly chosen effective
  specific heat ratio the wave equation is very nearly adiabatic in
  form. The theory is used to compute upper bounds on energy transport
  to the upper atmosphere using the Grec- Fossat observations. These
  upper bounds are 3 5 orders of magnitude too small to be significant
  for the 1966 oblateness observations.

Title: The Enigmatic Solar Distortion and the Solar Neutrino Problem
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1978sfsn.conf..109D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The 12.2 day solar rotational period.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1977ApJ...218..547D
Altcode:
  The periodicity of the 1966 solar oblateness residuals, representing
  most of the variance, has been accounted for as a signal generated by a
  solar distortion rotating rigidly with a 12.22 + or - 0.12 day period
  (sidereal). It is shown that the complex noiselike character of the
  curve for residual variance versus frequency (including the numerous
  secondary resonances) is to be expected and represents the true
  'fingerprint' of the 12.2-day distortion signal.

Title: New Solar Rotational Period, the Solar Oblateness, and
    Solar Faculae
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1976PhRvL..37.1240D
Altcode:
  The "excess" solar oblateness in 1966 and the periodicity in the
  residuals (most of the variance) can be described as a signal due to
  an approximately ellipsoidal sun rotating with a 12.2-day period, the
  major axis being tilted 85° +/- 1° from the solar axis. This result,
  independent of physical interpretation, precludes an explanation for
  the solar oblateness as a "brightness signal" due to the appearance
  of facular clusters at the solar limb.

Title: Evidence for a solar distortion rotating with a period of
    12.2 days.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1976SoPh...47..475D
Altcode:
  Most of the day-to-day fluctuation (originally believed to be error)
  in the Princeton solar oblateness observations is well described
  as the signal due to a ∼10 km distortion of the solar photosphere
  rotating rigidly with a period of 12.22±0.12 days (sidereal). This
  `solar-rotator' signal is well-defined by the observations and seems
  clearly significant statistically. Owing to the apparent precession of
  the solar spin-axis on the sky, the signal is not strictly periodic
  and has a wave-form that evolves with time in a predictable way. The
  previously discussed enigmatic periodicity of the oblateness residuals,
  for which no non-solar sources were found, is eliminated when the
  solar-rotator signal is subtracted. The residual errors are then
  found to be normally distributed and uncorrelated. Including the
  solar-rotator signal in the least-square fit increases the implied
  static oblateness by 16% to Δr = 45.8±3.3 millisec (equatorial excess
  radius). Both the static oblateness signal and the solar-rotator signal
  might be interpreted phenomenonologically as `brightness' signals due
  to a rigidly rotating non-uniform distribution of temperature in the
  upper photosphere. However, such a description encounters physical
  difficulties when the requirements of energy and momentum balance are
  considered. Including the excess static oblateness yields a distortion
  in the form of an ellipoid whose major axis is tilted 85° from the
  solar axis. Possible conflicts with other recent observations are
  discussed.

Title: New Test of the Equivalence Principle from Lunar Laser Ranging
Authors: Williams, J. G.; Dicke, R. H.; Bender, P. L.; Alley, C. O.;
   Carter, W. E.; Currie, D. G.; Eckhardt, D. H.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula,
   W. M.; Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.; Poultney, S. K.; Shelus,
   P. J.; Silverberg, E. C.; Sinclair, W. S.; Slade, M. A.; Wilkinson,
   D. T.
Bibcode: 1976PhRvL..36..551W
Altcode:
  An analysis of six years of lunar-laser-ranging data gives a zero
  amplitude for the Nordtvedt term in the Earth-Moon distance yielding
  the Nordtvedt parameter η=0.00+/-0.03 Thus, Earth's gravitational
  self-energy contributes equally, +/-3%, to its inertial mass and
  passive gravitational mass. At the 70% confidence level this result
  is only consistent with the Brans-Dicke theory for ω&gt;29. We obtain
  |β-1|&lt;~0.02 to 0.05 for five-parameter parametrized post-Newtonian
  theories of gravitation with energy-momentum conservation, or
  |β-1|&lt;~0.01 if only β and γ are considered.

Title: Phase-contrast detection of telescope seeing errors and
    their correction.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1975ApJ...198..605D
Altcode:
  The technique of phase-contrast microscopy applied to a telescope
  permits the detection and correction of phase errors in real time. These
  corrections can be made separately for two or more levels of the
  atmosphere. It may be possible to correct the seeing errors in a
  circular patch up to 2 min in diameter about a reference star with an
  apparent magnitude of 11 or brighter.

Title: Real-time correction of telescope "seeing".
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1975JOSA...65.1206D
Altcode: 1975OSAJ...65.1206D
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Achromatic double-star interferometry.
Authors: Wickes, W. C.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974AJ.....79.1433W
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Research on solar physics, pulsars, and cosmology
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974prnc.rept.....D
Altcode:
  The contract was concerned with solar physics problems involving the
  solar oblateness, the precision timing of optical pulses from the
  crab nebula pulsar and the polarization and isotropy of the cosmic
  microwave background radiation.

Title: The Enigmatic Periodicity of the Solar Oblateness
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974SoPh...37..271D
Altcode:
  The complex wave-form of the 25 2/3 day periodicity of the solar
  oblateness is exhibited. The statistical significance and strength
  of the fluctuation is examined. Using several lines of evidence
  the periodic fluctuation is shown to be a fluctuation in shape,
  not brightness. The fluctuation does not correlate with indicators of
  sunspots, faculae, prominences or magnetic fields. The detailed results
  of the analysis of the correlation with faculae are given. A possible
  explanation for the absence of the negative-correlated fluctuation
  delayed by 1/2 the period is examined.

Title: Faculae and the Solar Oblateness. II
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974ApJ...190..187D
Altcode:
  Chapman and Ingersoll have suggested that the presence of a normally
  distributed error in their facular function may require a large
  increase in the estimate of the photospheric facular contribution
  to the solar oblateness signal. This effect is evaluated by using
  the Chapman-Ingersoll statistical assumptions and additional facular
  data from earlier studies. With the further assumption that there is
  no common systematic bias between the two facular signals, the above
  effect is found to be negligible, representing an additional 2-3 percent
  correction to the oblateness signal. The effects of systematic biases
  of the facular data are also examined. Subject headings: faculae,
  solar - gravitation - rotation, solar

Title: The Oblateness of the Sun and Relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974Sci...184..419D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Oblateness of the Sun
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Goldenberg, H. Mark
Bibcode: 1974ApJS...27..131D
Altcode:
  The solar oblateness observations of 1966 are analyzed. Included
  are measures of the vertical and diagonal components of the
  oblateness. These components represent the fractional contractions
  of the solar disk along the north-south and the northeast-southwest
  diameters, respectively. Also included are the annular-ring measures of
  the equatorial brightening of the solar disk. These "brightness data"
  are obtained by scanning a thin annular aperture centered on the solar
  disk. The daily values of the diagonal component of the oblateness
  are correlated with the observatory temperature and humidity and with
  atmospheric transparency to test for a correlated atmospheric bias
  of the results. Seasonal averages of the hourly averages of the data
  provide measures of (and corrections for) the seeing distortions of
  the solar image. The correction of the diagonal component for seeing
  effects is zero. Functions derived from distributions about the limb of
  faculae, sunspots, magnetic fields, and prorninences are correlated
  with the diagonal component of the oblateness. Only the facular
  signal is important. The facular contribution is greatest when the
  largest amount of photosphere is exposed at the limb. Mter subtracting
  the facular contribution to the signal, the residual oblateness is
  independent of the amount of photosphere exposed. Averaged over all
  three limb exposures, only 14 percent of the oblateness signal is due
  to faculae. Correlation coefficients of the facular signal with the
  "brightness data" and with the vertical component of the oblateness are
  also computed. The "brightness data" show no equatorial brightening
  over and above that due to faculae. The 23d.67 periodicity of the
  solar oblateness is studied. The periodic autocorrelation function of
  the oblateness fluctuation, the periodic fluctuation component in the
  data, and the cross-correlation function of the data with the periodic
  component are evaluated. The periodic fluctuation component exhibits
  sharp positive peaks separated by 12 days. The values for the oblateness
  obtained from the diagonal and vertical components are consistent
  with each other and yield a mean value of ArIr = 4.31 + 0.34 x 10-
  . The solar quadrupole moment consistent with this value, j = 2.47 +
  0.23 x 10 - 5, implies a correction of 2 .98 + per century to the
  `classical excess motion of Mercury's perihelion. Subject headings:
  faculae, solar - interiors, solar - Mercury - rotation, solar

Title: Relativity and the solar oblateness
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1974exgr.conf..200D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment
Authors: Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G.; Dicke, R. H.; Eckhardt, D. H.;
   Faller, J. E.; Kaula, W. M.; Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.;
   Poultney, S. K.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. T.; Williams, J. G.;
   Alley, C. O.
Bibcode: 1973Sci...182..229B
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: An automatic interferometer for double star observation
Authors: Wickes, William C.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1973AJ.....78..757W
Altcode:
  An interferometric device designed for measurement of the separation
  and position angle of double stars with separation less than 1 arcsec
  and large magnitude difference has been constructed. The instrument
  employs high-frequency photoelectric fringe detection, and signal
  averaging techniques to average atmospheric seeing effects. As part
  of the averaging process, the star field is rotated relative to the
  twin entrance apertures at a rate of 1 rps by means of a rotating dove
  prism. We report the results of measurements of double stars of small
  magnitude difference, carried out on several telescopes, a refractor,
  and reflectors. The measurements have accuracies better than 0-"01 in
  separation and 1' in position angle.

Title: Solar Oblateness and Equatorial Brightening
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1973ApJ...180..293D
Altcode:
  Equatorial brightening near the limb associated with an elevated
  temperature in the upper photosphere is discussed. It is not possible
  to obtain satisfactory agreement with the observations simultaneously
  at both of the color bands employed for the observations. The energy
  requirements of such hypothetical excess photospheric temperatures
  are severe, and the stresses needed for a force balance do not seem
  to be present. Subject headings: atmospheres, solar - gravitation - Sun

Title: Photospheric Faculae and the Solar Oblateness
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1973NYASA.224..316D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: A self-consistent set of surface coordinates for the Apollo
    lunar laser retroreflectors deduced from laser range measures.
Authors: Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.;
   Wilkinson, D. T.; Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G.; Dicke,
   R. H.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula, W. M.; Williams, J. G.
Bibcode: 1973spre.conf.1009M
Altcode: 1973spre....2.1009M
  No abstract at ADS

Title: A New Solar Fluctuation
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972ApJ...176..479D
Altcode:
  The fluctuation in the solar-oblateness signal during 1966 has
  been found to be strongly autocorrelated with a 25.3-day lag. The
  autocovariance functions show that the disturbed regions of the Sun
  occur in the vicinity of +45 latitude for which the synodic rotation
  period is 29.5 days. The 25-day correlation peak is positive as
  expected, but there is no indication of the equally strong 13-day
  negative halfrotation peak that would also be expected. It is concluded
  that the 25-day correlation may be due to density fluctuations occurring
  near the top of the radiative zone.

Title: Faculae and the Solar Oblateness
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972ApJ...175..831D
Altcode:
  Chapman and Ingersoll have suggested that the excess solar oblateness
  found by Dicke and Golden- berg is wholly or largely due to the
  presence of faculae near the solar limb. This contrasts with my
  earlier statement based on a statistical study that contributions from
  faculae are unimportant. A new statistical study based on Chapman and
  Ingersoll's own facular function supports my 1970 statement.

Title: Rotation and Lithium Abundance in Solar-Type Stars
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972ApJ...171..331D
Altcode:
  The mild thermally driven turbulence associated with the
  Goldreich-Schubert-Fricke instability induces diffusive transport
  of angular momentum and lithium. The same diffusivity controls both
  processes. The slowing of rotation observed in young solar-type
  stars and the rate of loss of angular momentum from the Sun to the
  solar-wind can be quantitatively related to the loss of lithium (and
  of beryllium if the instability extends deep enough). It is concluded
  that the instability cannot extend much deeper than the onset of fast
  burning of 7Li. By contrast, the assumption that a mild thermally driven
  turbulence is terminated at the boundary of a rapidly rotating core,
  perhaps by a jump in mean molecular weight A 10- , is used to give a
  quantitative account of the depletion of 7Li in the Sun and solartype
  stars. Lithium-6 should be strongly depleted, but 9Be not at all. The
  requirements that for the Sun both the rotation and the 7Li abundance
  agree with the observations give for each possible choice of core
  radius a value for the solar-wind torque and a lower bound for the
  angular velocity of the core.

Title: Gravitation and the universe.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972grun.book.....D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Geodesy results obtainable with lunar retroreflectors.
Authors: Faller, J. E.; Bender, P. L.; Alley, C. O.; Currie, D. G.;
   Dicke, R. H.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1972uasg.proc..261F
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Laser Ranging Retroreflector
Authors: Faller, J. E.; Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G.;
   Dicke, R. H.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1972NASSP.289...14F
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Evidence for the Distribution of Angular Velocity Inside the
    Sun and Stars - Comments
Authors: Kraft, R.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972NASSP.308..290K
Altcode: 1972sowi.conf..290K
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Geodesy Results Obtainable with Lunar Retroreflectors
Authors: Faller, J. E.; Bender, P. L.; Alley, C. O.; Currie, D. G.;
   Dicke, R. H.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. I.
Bibcode: 1972GMS....15..261F
Altcode:
  Retroreflector packages have been carried to the moon by the Apollo 11,
  Apollo 14, and Apollo 15 missions, as well as by Luna 17. Laser ranging
  from the earth onto these packages should eventually yield information
  on polar motions and crustal movements accurate to a few centimeters,
  and on UT1 to 100 μsec. Present (1971) error of the range measurements
  is 30 cm, but accuracy to 3 cm should be obtainable with improvements
  in methods and equipment.

Title: Internal Rotation of the Sun
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1972NASSP.300...23D
Altcode: 1972poss.conf...23D; 1972pss..conf...23D
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Solar Oblateness and the Abundance of Lithium in the Sun
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1971PhRvL..27..210D
Altcode:
  The Goldreich-Schubert thermally driven turbulence extending to the
  deep interiors of solar-type stars which exhibit rotational slowing is
  precluded by spectroscopic observations showing the presence of lithium
  and beryllium. These observations, similar observations of the sun,
  the solar-wind torque, and the solar oblateness are consistent with
  a model for which such a turbulence is terminated at the surface of
  a rapidly rotating core containing 95% of the star's mass.

Title: Abstract for Second Annual Lunar Science Conference in Houston
January 11-14, 1971: Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment: Current Results
    and Future Plans
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G. L.; Dicke, R. H.;
   Faller, J. E.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1971LPI.....2...18A
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Preliminary results of laser ranging to a reflector on the
    lunar surface.
Authors: Mulholland, J. D.; Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie,
   D. G.; Dicke, R. H.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1971spre.conf...97M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Laser Ranging Retroreflector
Authors: Faller, J. E.; Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G.;
   Dicke, R. H.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.;
   Plotkin, H. H.; Silverberg, E. C.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1971NASSP.272..215F
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Internal Rotation of the Sun
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1970pss..conf...25D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Rotation of the Sun (review Paper)
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1970stro.coll..289D
Altcode: 1970IAUCo...4..289D
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Why are Sunspots Dark and Faculae Bright?
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1970ApJ...159...25D
Altcode:
  It is shown that the darkening or brightening of a disturbed spot on the
  Sun's surface is uniquely determined by the abnormal stress distribution
  in the "seen layers" of the spot. The magnetic and velocity fields are
  the sources of the anomalous stress. A crude sunspot model based on
  the general theory is shown to give results in satisfactory agreement
  with the observations.

Title: Internal Rotation of the Sun
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1970ARA&A...8..297D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Laser Ranging Retro-Reflector: Continuing Measurements and
Expected Results:
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Chang, R. F.; Currie, D. G.; Poultney, S. K.;
   Bender, P. L.; Dicke, R. H.; Wilkinson, D. T.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula,
   W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.; Carrion,
   W.; Wampler, E. J.
Bibcode: 1970Sci...167..458A
Altcode:
  After successful acquisition in August of reflected ruby laser
  pulses from the Apollo 11 laser ranging retro-reflector (LRRR) with
  the telescopes at the Lick and McDonald observatories, repeated
  measurements of the round-trip travel time of light have been made
  from the McDonald Observatory in September with an equivalent range
  precision of ± 2.5 meters. These acquisition period observations
  demonstrated the performance of the LRRR through lunar night and
  during sunlit conditions on the moon. Instrumentation activated at
  the McDonald Observatory in October has yielded a precision of ± 0.3
  meter, and improvement to ± 0.15 meter is expected shortly. Continued
  monitoring of the changes in the earth-moon distance as measured by the
  round-trip travel time of light from suitably distributed earth stations
  is expected to contribute to our knowledge of the earth-moon system.

Title: The Solar Oblateness and the Gravitational Quadrupole Moment
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1970ApJ...159....1D
Altcode:
  The connection between the oblateness and the gravitational quadrupole
  moment of the Sun is developed under the assumption of the absence of
  magnetic and velocity fields in the surface layers. This discussion
  is generalized to include also the effects of surface rotation for
  rotation on cylinders. The theory of the generation by surface fields
  of oblateness and equatorial temperature excess is developed and
  used to discuss the various attempts by Roxburgh, Cocke, Sturrock,
  and Gilvarry to account for the observed oblateness as an effect of
  surface fields only. The severe constraint on allowed surface fields
  introduced by the observed latitude independence of solar brightness is
  analyzed. It is concluded that an acceptable explanation of the solar
  oblateness, other than the effects of a gravitational quadrupole and
  surface rotation, has yet to be found.

Title: Laser-ranging retro-reflector: continuing measurements and
    expected results
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Chang, R. F.; Currie, D. G.; Poultney, S. K.;
   Bender, P. L.; Dicke, R. H.; Wilkinson, D. T.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula,
   W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.; Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.; Carrion,
   W.; Wampler, E. J.
Bibcode: 1970GeCAS...1.1947A
Altcode: 1970LPSC....1.1947A
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Gravitation and the universe
Authors: Dicke, Robert H.
Bibcode: 1970grun.conf.....D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Average acceleration of the earth's rotation and the viscosity
    of the deep mantle.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969JGR....74.5895D
Altcode:
  The acceleration of the earth's rotation averaged over the past
  3000 years has been re-studied using a new analysis of the ancient
  eclipses. The relaxation time for a second-order harmonic distortion of
  the earth has been calculated to fall in the range 870-1600 years. This
  short relaxation time seems to require a viscosity for the deep mantle
  of ∼10<SUP>22</SUP> poises, permitting the convective transport of
  heat from the deep interior of the earth. If the viscosity is this
  low, deep convective currents are required to support the excess
  equatorial bulge.

Title: The Age of the Galaxy from the Decay of Uranium
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969ApJ...155..123D
Altcode:
  The dating of the Galaxy by the decay of uranium is re-examined. From
  recently published data it is concluded that the Galaxy is approximately
  7 X 1O~ years old, substantially the same as the "prompt synthesis"
  age derived eleven years ago by Burbidge, Burbidge, Fowler, and
  Hoyle. Contrary to current beliefs, the results obtained from the decay
  of U235 relative to U238, assuming "prompt synthesis," are concordant
  with those based on the decay of U238 relative to Th2~2

Title: Some implications for physics and geophysics of laser range
    measurements from Earth to a lunar retro-reflector.
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Currie, D. G.; Dicke, R. H.;
   Faller, J. E.
Bibcode: 1969ampe.conf..523A
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Equivalence of Inertial and Gravitational Mass
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969tsra.conf..375D
Altcode: 1969qhea.conf..375D
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Gravitation and the universe.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969grun.book.....D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Laser Ranging Retroreflector
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Chang, R. F.; Currie, D. G.;
   Dicke, R. H.; Faller, J. E.; Kaula, W. M.; MacDonald, G. J. F.;
   Mulholland, J. D.; Plotkin, H. H.; Poultney, S. K.; Wilkinson,
   D. T.; Winer, Irvin; Carrion, Walter; Johnson, Tom; Spadin, Paul;
   Robinson, Lloyd; Wampler, E. Joseph; Wieber, Donald; Silverberg,
   E.; Steggerda, C.; Mullendore, J.; Rayner, J.; Williams, W.; Warner,
   Brian; Richardson, Harvey; Bopp, B.
Bibcode: 1969NASSP.214..163A
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The variability of atomic constants.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969atph.conf..103D
Altcode: 1969agph.conf..103D
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Remarks on gravitation and cosmology
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969cp1..conf..507D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Eine neue Gravitationstheorie.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1969Umsch..69..665D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Origin of the Globular Star Clusters
Authors: Peebles, P. J. E.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1968ApJ...154..891P
Altcode:
  We argue that the globular clusters may have originated as
  gravitationally bound gas clouds before the galaxies formed. This idea
  follows from the primeval-fireball picture, which suggests that the
  first bound systems to have formed in the expanding Universe were
  gas clouds with mass and shape quite similar to the globular star
  clusters. We present also a picture for the evolution from these
  assumed proto- globular gas clouds to globular star cluster

Title: Scatter-Hole Cameras for X-Rays and Gamma Rays
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1968ApJ...153L.101D
Altcode:
  A pinhole camera for which the entrance area, covered with a very
  large number of randomly dis- tributed pinholes, is 50 per cent open
  is shown to be a very effective way of forming images of a complex
  of X-ray stars. A simple statistical trick is used to reduce the
  multitudinous overlapping images to a single image. Less than forty
  detected photons are needed to form an image of a single star

Title: Scalar-Tensor Gravitation and the Cosmic Fireball
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1968ApJ...152....1D
Altcode:
  It has been shown that under conventional general relativity the
  cosmic fireball should convert 26- 28 per cent of the hydrogen to
  helium. Departure from an ideal isotropic and uniform universe should
  only increase the amount of helium formation. The contribution from
  the scalar field energy of the scalar- tensor type of gravitation
  theory can lead to the fireball's expanding so rapidly that virtually
  no helium is formed. If the present mass density of the Universe is in
  excess of 2 X 10-29 g cm3, corresponding to a closed space, zero helium
  production would be expected under the scalar-tensor theory. Thus a de-
  termination of the helium content of Population II stars could provide
  a test for both theories of gravita- tion. INTRODUCTIO

Title: Solar Oblateness and Fluid Spin-Down
Authors: McDonald, B. E.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1967Sci...158.1562M
Altcode:
  An experiment performed on a differentially rotating, density-stratified
  fluid shows that "spin-down" need not occur under the condition of
  stratification. Inasmuch as density stratification occurs in the
  interior of the sun, spin-down probably does not exist in the solar
  interior, and the observed solar oblateness may indicate that the sun
  contains a rapidly spinning core.

Title: The Solar Spin-Down Problem
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1967ApJ...149L.121D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Solar Models
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1967Sci...157..960D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Differential Rotation and the Solar Oblateness
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Goldenberg, H. Mark
Bibcode: 1967Natur.214.1294D
Altcode:
  A few weeks ago, Dr I. W. Roxburgh questioned an earlier argument by
  Professor R. H. Dicke that the observed flattening of the Sun would
  account for part of the rotation of the orbit of Mercury otherwise
  attributable to general relativity. Roxburgh advanced arguments which
  suggest that the surface of the Sun may not be an equipotential surface,
  largely because of turbulence in the atmosphere. Dicke now rejects
  this interpretation.

Title: Solar Oblateness-A Letter
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1967IrAJ....8...63D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Cosmological Enigmas. (Book Reviews:
    Worlds-Antiworlds. Antimatter in Cosmology)
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1967Sci...155.1527D
Altcode: 1967Sci...155.1527A
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Solar Oblateness and General Relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Goldenberg, H. Mark
Bibcode: 1967PhRvL..18..313D
Altcode:
  New measurements of the solar oblateness have given a value
  for the fractional difference of equatorial and polar radii of
  (5.0+/-0.7)×10<SUP>-5</SUP>. A corresponding discrepancy of 8% of
  the Einstein value for the perihelion motion of Mercury is implied.

Title: Gravitation
Authors: Dicke, Robert H.
Bibcode: 1967easp.book..264D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Secular Acceleration of the Earth's Rotation and Cosmology
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1966ems..conf...98D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Stellar Evolution with Varying G
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1966stev.conf..319D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Astrophysics and Radio Astronomy. (Book Reviews: General
    Relativity and Cosmology)
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1965Sci...149.1493M
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Icarus and relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1965AJ.....70..395D
Altcode:
  The regression of the node of Icarus is proposed as a sensitive measure
  of the oblateness of the sun.

Title: Cosmic Black-Body Radiation.
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.; Roll, P. G.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1965ApJ...142..414D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Gravitation and Space Science
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J.
Bibcode: 1965SSRv....4..419D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Optical Radar Using a Corner Reflector on the Moon
Authors: Alley, C. O.; Bender, P. L.; Dicke, R. H.; Faller, J. E.;
   Franken, P. A.; Plotkin, H. H.; Wilkinson, D. T.
Bibcode: 1965JGR....70.2267A
Altcode:
  In a recent letter Hunt [1964] described a microwave transponder that
  can be landed on the moon and that can be used, in conjunction with
  a modified Glotrac station, to measure the distance between station
  and landing site. He also suggests several interesting measurements
  that could be made on the earth-moon system if the range accuracy
  were sufficiently well developed. The purpose of this letter is to
  point out the capabilities and possible advantages of an optical radar
  system which uses a corner reflector on the moon's surface. Smullin
  and Fiocco [1962] have demonstrated that laser beams can be scattered
  from the moon's surface and detected back at the earth; however,
  the return signals were too weak and too spread out (in time) to be
  used for precision ranging. Hoffman et al. [1960] have pointed out
  the advantages of using corner reflectors on an artificial satellite
  to permit precision tracking. More recently, Plotkin [1964] has
  described an optical radar system that is capable of making precision
  range measurements to satellites which have been equipped with corner
  reflectors.

Title: Cosmology and Newtonian Mechanics
Authors: Callan, C.; Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J. E.
Bibcode: 1965AmJPh..33..105C
Altcode:
  The general relativistic solution to the cosmological problem is often
  considered to be one of its most beautiful results. It is shown that
  Newtonian mechanics is quite sufficient to discuss the dynamics of
  the expanding universe. Furthermore, this is not a cleverly contrived
  classical model, or a crude nonrelativistic approximation, but a
  completely correct discussion of the dynamics of the expansion in
  a region where both general relativity and Newtonian mechanics are
  equally valid.

Title: The Sun's Rotation and Relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1964Natur.202..432D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Evolution of the Solar System and the Expansion of the Universe
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Peebles, P. J.
Bibcode: 1964PhRvL..12..435D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Cosmology, Mach's Principle and Relativity
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1963AmJPh..31..500D
Altcode:
  The significance of Mach's principle (and the implicit relativity
  principle) for field theory is discussed, also the significance of
  zero-mass boson fields for the geometry of the physical space. The
  significance of such fields for Mach's principle within the framework
  of cosmology is also discussed. It is suggested that the distant
  matter of the universe generates one or two zero-mass boson fields,
  very likely a tensor field and perhaps a scalar, and that each of these
  fields propagates, carrying into the laboratory a quasistatic influence
  having its origin primarily in the distant matter of the universe. The
  observable effects of these ``Machian fields'' are described.

Title: Cosmology and the Radioactive Decay Ages of Terrestrial Rocks
    and Meteorites
Authors: Peebles, P. J.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962PhRv..128.2006P
Altcode:
  Several different cosmologies have been proposed in which the strength
  of the gravitational interaction is variable. Also, it has been
  suggested that the gravitational interaction may play a significant
  role in determining the structure of elementary particles, and in
  particular that the value of the fine structure constant may depend on
  the strength of the gravitational interaction. It is shown that these
  two effects taken together would lead to observable discrepancies
  in the ages of terrestrial rocks and meterorites as determined by
  different radioactive decay schemes. Analysis of the geophysical
  data leads to an upper limit of about 3 parts in 10<SUP>13</SUP>
  per year on the rate of change of the fine structure constant. If
  the assumed relation between gravitation and particle structure were
  valid, this would correspond to a limit on variations in the strength
  of the gravitational interaction of 2 parts in 10<SUP>11</SUP> per
  year. This upper limit is one-fifth of the size of the variations
  expected according to Dirac's cosmology, and roughly as big as the
  variation to be expected according to the Brans-Dicke cosmology. It is
  concluded that either the assumed connection between gravitation and
  elementary particles does not exist, or, if the connection does exist,
  that the geophysical data provide a significant limit on possible
  variations in the strength of the gravitational interaction.

Title: The Earth and Cosmology
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962Sci...138..653D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The Temperature of Meteorites and Dirac's Cosmology and
    Mach's Principle
Authors: Peebles, J.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962JGR....67.4063P
Altcode:
  Arguments based on Mach's principle and on numerical coincidences
  in the astrophysical data lead to the idea that the strength of the
  gravitational interaction may be decreasing with time. This would
  imply that the radiation rate of the sun was larger in the past and
  that asteroids and meteorite bodies were warmer, possibly leading to
  loss of argon from the material of the meteorites. It is shown from the
  observed potassium-argon ages of meteorites that the strength of the
  gravitational interaction has not been decreasing by more than about
  1 part in 10<SUP>10</SUP> per year. This limit does not seem to rule
  out any of the cosmologies in which the strength of the gravitational
  interaction is variable.

Title: Significance of Spatial Isotropy
Authors: Peebles, P. J.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962PhRv..127..629P
Altcode:
  It has been suggested occasionally that the fine structure "constant"
  may not be a fixed number, but that it may be determined, in a manner
  not yet understood, by the distribution of mass in the universe. A
  simple point-particle picture is used to indicate the significance
  of this idea for the motion of free test particles. The possible
  generally covariant equations of motion for a point particle are
  considered, and it is shown that one can find a suitable model which is
  consistent with the observed structure independence of gravitational
  acceleration. However, it is indicated that such a model is not
  consistent with the precise observations, made by Hughes et al. and
  Drever, of the local isotropy of space. That is, with the observed
  structure independence of gravitational acceleration and local isotropy
  of space, and assuming general covariance, it seems to be necessary
  to rule out any appreciable variation with position in the value of
  the fine structure constant.

Title: Long-Range Scalar Interaction
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962PhRv..126.1875D
Altcode:
  The long-range scalar field, associated with a neutral, massless,
  boson, has been generally considered to be nonexistent. This belief
  is based on the lack of overt effects, observed in the laboratory,
  from such a field. It is shown that if this long-range interaction
  were to exist, it would of necessity be weak. The physical reason
  for this is the large contribution, having its origin in the enormous
  amount of matter at great distance in the universe, to the magnitude
  of the scalar. By comparison, the contribution of local matter is
  miniscule, leading to a weak interaction of about the same strength
  as gravitation. Furthermore, it is shown that such an interaction,
  in its effects, would be very similar to gravitation and could be
  distinguished only with difficulty. It is concluded that there is
  not yet a compelling observation which could be used to exclude the
  long-range scalar interaction.

Title: Lee-Yang Vector Field and Isotropy of the Universe
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962PhRv..126.1580D
Altcode:
  Lee and Yang suggested that, associated with heavy-particle
  conservation, there may exist an analog of the electromagnetic field,
  a field for which nucleons and antinucleons would serve as positive
  and negative "charges." It is shown that the null result from a recent
  repetition of the Eötvös experiment implies that, if it exists,
  the Lee-Yang interaction is at most only 10<SUP>-7</SUP> of the
  gravitational interaction. This great weakness does not imply that the
  field does not exist. However, with the assumption of the isotropy
  of the average matter distribution of the universe, the Lee-Yang
  antisymmetric field tensor vanishes when averaged over sufficiently
  large volumes. This implies that, if the Lee-Yang field exists,
  nucleons and antinucleons are present in equal numbers in the universe,
  presumably gathered in matter and antimatter galaxies. However,
  it is found that the fact that a copious stream of γ rays is not
  present in the cosmic rays can be used to exclude such numbers of
  antimatter galaxies. It is concluded that the Lee-Yang field probably
  does not exist.

Title: Dating the Galaxy by Uranium Decay
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962Natur.194..329D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Implications for Cosmology of Stellar and Galactic Evolution
    Rates
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1962RvMP...34..110D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Periodicity of Earthquakes and the Invariance of the
    Gravitational Constant
Authors: Morgan, W. J.; Stoner, J. O.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1961JGR....66.3831M
Altcode:
  Times of occurrence for a total of 1933 earthquakes are analyzed for
  periodicities. The results show no definite evidence for effects due to
  earth tides. Small indications of a solar-date periodicity are assumed
  to be thermal in origin. A strong, statistically significant annual
  period is found, and the phase is substantially the same for northern
  and southern earthquakes. This periodicity is not wholly accounted
  for by temperature effects, wind-induced stresses, and observer
  bias. The occurrence of this periodicity would be understandable if the
  gravitational constant were to vary as the earth-sun distance changes
  or as the earth's velocity relative to a preferred coordinate frame
  changes; however, the observed periodicity cannot be interpreted as
  conclusive support for such a hypothesis.

Title: Dirac's Cosmology and Mach's Principle
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1961Natur.192..440D
Altcode:
  THE dimensionless gravitational coupling constant with m<SUB>p</SUB>
  the mass of some elementary particle, for definiteness taken as
  the proton, is such a small number that its significance has long
  been questioned. Thus Eddington<SUP>1</SUP> considered that all
  the dimensionless physical constants, including this one, could
  be evaluated as simple mathematical expressions. Dirac<SUP>2</SUP>
  considered that such an odd number must be related to other numbers of
  similar size, characterizing the structure of the universe. However,
  most physicists seem to believe that a dimensionless constant, such as
  (1), is provided by Nature, cannot be calculated, and is not in any
  way related to other numbers.

Title: On the Spring Maximum of Radioactive Fallout from Nuclear
    Test Explosions
Authors: Bleichrodt, J. F.; Blok, Joh.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1961JGR....66..135B
Altcode:
  Some results of measurements are presented pertaining to the maximum
  of fallout which was observed during the spring of the last few
  years. Evidence is presented that the height of this maximum is chiefly
  determined by the amount of radioactive debris present in the temperate
  or polar lower stratosphere, whereas seasonal factors determine the
  time of appearance of the maximum.

Title: The Nature of Gravitation
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1961sis..book...91D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Tracking and Orbit Requirements for Experiment to detect
    Variations in Gravitational Constant
Authors: Dicke, R. H.; Hoffmann, W. F.; Krotkov, R.
Bibcode: 1961spre.conf..287D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Mach's principle and equivalence
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1961egt..conf....1D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: Comparison between theory and observation for the outer planets
Authors: Krotkov, R.; Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1959AJ.....64..157K
Altcode:
  - bstract. The auto-covariance function of the differences between
  the observed and predicted ecliptic longitudes of Jupiter indicates
  that these residuals contain a trigonometric term of period 4520 days,
  compared with 4333 days for Jupiter's period, and amplitu e d'. .No
  currently known source of systematic error would account for such a
  period. The residuals for the other outer p Thets contain no period
  as marked as the 4520 day period in Jupiter. A secular increase in
  the eccentricity of 1/3 X 10-6 per century, together with a motion
  of the perihelion in the direction of Jupiter's revo- lution about
  the sun and amounting to 5" per century will, coupled with a term
  whose frequency is equal to Jupiter's mean motion, produce such a
  period. If such secular perturbations were produced by a constant
  anomalous acceleration of Jupiter, the magnitude of the acceleration
  required would be about times the Jovian centripetal acceleration. The
  data for the other outer planets are inadequate to either confirm or
  deny the existence of such an acceleration in their motion.

Title: Dirac's Cosmology and the Dating of Meteorites
Authors: Dicke, R. H.
Bibcode: 1959Natur.183..170D
Altcode:
  IT was long ago suggested by Dirac<SUP>1</SUP> that, from considerations
  based upon the sizes of the important physical and astrophysical
  constants, there were reasons for believing that the gravitational
  constant, when expressed in atomic units, was not a true constant
  but that it varied inversely with the age of the universe. It has
  been pointed out that of the other physical constants, only the
  weak coupling constant would be expected to vary strongly with time,
  assuming the correctness of the Dirac hypothesis<SUP>2</SUP>.

Title: Microwave Radiation from the Sun and Moon.
Authors: Dicke, Robert H.; Beringer, Robert
Bibcode: 1946ApJ...103..375D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

Title: The radial distribution in globular clusters
Authors: Dicke, Robert H.
Bibcode: 1939AJ.....48..108D
Altcode:
  No abstract at ADS

